Understanding Adultism: The Overlooked Form of Age-Based Discrimination

In discussions about equality and discrimination, ageism often comes up—but there’s another form of bias that frequently goes unnoticed: adultism. This term refers to the systemic and social prejudice against young people, particularly children and teenagers, based solely on their age. Adultism assumes that adults are inherently more capable, rational, and deserving of respect than youth—a belief that shapes institutions, relationships, and even laws around the world.

What Is Adultism?

Adultism is the idea that adults are superior to young people and therefore have the right to control, dismiss, or undervalue their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. It manifests in both subtle and overt ways: when adults talk over children, make decisions without their input, or disregard their opinions simply because of their age.

The concept was first popularized in the 1970s by youth rights advocates who sought to highlight how children and adolescents often face oppression similar to other marginalized groups. Like racism or sexism, adultism is embedded in social structures and cultural norms.

Examples of Adultism in Everyday Life

Adultism can appear in many areas of life, including:

Education: Students are often excluded from having a say in school policies or curricula that directly affect them. Discipline systems can be overly authoritarian, prioritizing obedience over understanding.
Family Life: Adults may dismiss a young person’s emotions or experiences with phrases like “you’ll understand when you’re older,” which can invalidate their feelings.
Work and Law: Many laws and workplace rules prevent young people from participating fully in society, even when they are capable and informed.
Media and Culture: Teenagers are frequently portrayed as irresponsible, rebellious, or shallow, reinforcing stereotypes that diminish their credibility.

The Impact of Adultism

The effects of adultism go beyond annoyance or frustration—it can deeply influence self-esteem, mental health, and a young person’s sense of agency. When young people are constantly told that their voices don’t matter, they may internalize feelings of inferiority or learn to suppress their opinions.

Moreover, adultism can create a cycle of disempowerment. Those who grow up being silenced may unconsciously repeat the same behavior when they become adults, perpetuating the very system that once limited them.

Challenging Adultism

Recognizing and addressing adultism begins with respect. Adults can challenge their own biases by listening actively to young people, validating their experiences, and involving them in decision-making processes. Schools, families, and governments can adopt youth-inclusive policies that promote shared power and responsibility.

For example:

Encouraging student-led initiatives in schools.
Including youth voices in local government discussions.
Promoting intergenerational dialogue rather than one-sided authority.

These changes help young people develop confidence and leadership skills while building healthier, more democratic communities.

Why It Matters

Fighting adultism isn’t just about giving children and teenagers more freedom—it’s about recognizing that they, too, have valuable perspectives. Many social movements, from climate activism to educational reform, have been driven by young people who refused to accept being ignored. Their creativity, passion, and insight are essential to solving today’s global challenges.

Conclusion

Adultism is one of the most normalized yet least discussed forms of discrimination. By confronting it, society can foster a culture of mutual respect between generations—one that values youth not as “adults in training,” but as full participants in the world today. When young people are heard, trusted, and empowered, everyone benefits.